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CMake构建学习笔记8-OpenSceneGraph库的构建

邻居的猫1个月前 (12-09)其他672

1. 概论

在接连构建了zlib、libpng、libjpeg、libtiff、giflib以及freetype这几个库之后，接下来咱们就要来一个大的，构建OpenSceneGraph这样大型库。OpenSceneGraph（简称 OSG）是一个高性能、跨渠道的三维图形使用程序结构，广泛使用于科学可视化、模仿仿真、游戏开发等范畴。理论上来说，上述几个库不是OSG的有必要依靠库，可是将它们作为依靠库构建，OSG的功用就更完好。

2. 构建进程

构建OSG库的要害指令如下所示：

# 装备CMake      
cmake .. -G "$Generator" -A x64 `
    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo `
    -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$InstallDir" `
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$InstallDir" `
    -DGIFLIB_LIBRARY="$InstallDir/lib/giflib.lib" `
    -DBUILD_OSG_APPLICATIONS=ON `
    -DBUILD_OSG_EXAMPLES=OFF `
    -DBUILD_OSG_DEPRECATED_SERIALIZERS=OFF `
    -DCMAKE_RELWITHDEBINFO_POSTFIX=""

# 构建阶段，指定构建类型
cmake --build . --config RelWithDebInfo -- /m:8

# 装置阶段，指定构建类型和装置方针
cmake --build . --config RelWithDebInfo --target install

再次着重一遍，假如要优先找到提早编译好的依靠库，就需求设置CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH变量。咱们把一切的库都装置到同一个目录中并设置成CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH变量，这样在构建新的依靠库的时分，CMake就能精确查找到相关的依靠库。不过，也会呈现少量查找不到的状况，这儿的GIFLIB就没有查找到，因而咱们手动设置GIFLIB_LIBRARY。

其他的几个OSG供给的自定义构建选项中：

  1. BUILD_OSG_APPLICATIONS表明是否构建根据OSG的可执行程序，例如osgviewer、osgconv等。这样的使用东西仍是十分有用的，引荐仍是进行构建。
  2. BUILD_OSG_EXAMPLES表明是否构建示例程序，像这样的构建选项，为了加速构建速度一般不必进行构建。
  3. BUILD_OSG_DEPRECATED_SERIALIZERS看到这个DEPRECATED字眼就不必参加进行构建了，横竖也对错有必要项。
  4. CMAKE_RELWITHDEBINFO_POSTFIX表明是否给RelWithDebInfo方法编译的成果添加后缀，默许会添加后缀“rd”，这儿将其设置为空。

3. 经历总结

构建像OSG这样的大型程序库，最好多看看CMake装备完成后的输出信息，例如这儿的输出信息如下所示：

CMake Deprecation Warning at CMakeLists.txt:16 (CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED):
  Compatibility with CMake < 2.8.12 will be removed from a future version of
  CMake.

  Update the VERSION argument <min> value or use a ...<max> suffix to tell
  CMake that the project does not need compatibility with older versions.


-- Selecting Windows SDK version 10.0.22000.0 to target Windows 10.0.22631.
-- Could NOT find EGL (missing: EGL_LIBRARY EGL_INCLUDE_DIR) 
-- Checking windows version...
-- 64 bit architecture detected
-- Could NOT find Jasper (missing: JASPER_LIBRARIES JASPER_INCLUDE_DIR) 
-- Could NOT find LibXml2 (missing: LIBXML2_INCLUDE_DIR) 
CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (GTA).  This can lead to
  problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result variables
  (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindGTA.cmake:11 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:751 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (GTA).  This can lead to
  problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result variables
  (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindGTA.cmake:15 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:751 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

-- Checking for module 'gta'
--   No package 'gta' found
-- Trying to find DCMTK expecting DCMTKConfig.cmake
-- Trying to find DCMTK expecting DCMTKConfig.cmake - failed
-- Trying to find DCMTK relying on FindDCMTK.cmake
-- Please set DCMTK_DIR and re-run configure (missing: DCMTK_config_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmdata_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmimage_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmimgle_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmjpeg_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmjpls_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmnet_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmpstat_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmqrdb_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmsign_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmsr_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_dcmtls_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_ofstd_INCLUDE_DIR DCMTK_oflog_INCLUDE_DIR)
-- Could NOT find GStreamer (missing: GSTREAMER_INCLUDE_DIRS GSTREAMER_LIBRARIES GSTREAMER_VERSION GSTREAMER_BASE_INCLUDE_DIRS GSTREAMER_BASE_LIBRARIES GSTREAMER_APP_INCLUDE_DIRS GSTREAMER_APP_LIBRARIES GSTREAMER_PBUTILS_INCLUDE_DIRS GSTREAMER_PBUTILS_LIBRARIES)
-- Could NOT find SDL2 (missing: SDL2_LIBRARY SDL2_INCLUDE_DIR) 
-- Could NOT find SDL (missing: SDL_LIBRARY SDL_INCLUDE_DIR) 
CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (Poppler-glib).  This can
  lead to problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result
  variables (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindPoppler-glib.cmake:2 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:761 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (Poppler-glib).  This can
  lead to problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result
  variables (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindPoppler-glib.cmake:6 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:761 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

-- Checking for module 'cairo'
--   No package 'cairo' found
-- Checking for module 'poppler-glib'
--   No package 'poppler-glib' found
CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (RSVG).  This can lead to
  problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result variables
  (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindRSVG.cmake:2 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:762 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (RSVG).  This can lead to
  problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result variables
  (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindRSVG.cmake:6 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:762 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

-- Checking for module 'librsvg-2.0>=2.35'
--   No package 'librsvg-2.0' found
-- Checking for module 'cairo'
--   No package 'cairo' found
CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (GtkGl).  This can lead to
  problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result variables
  (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindGtkGl.cmake:2 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:763 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:438 (message):
  The package name passed to `find_package_handle_standard_args` (PkgConfig)
  does not match the name of the calling package (GtkGl).  This can lead to
  problems in calling code that expects `find_package` result variables
  (e.g., `_FOUND`) to follow a certain pattern.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:99 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
  CMakeModules/FindGtkGl.cmake:6 (INCLUDE)
  CMakeLists.txt:763 (FIND_PACKAGE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

-- Checking for module 'gtk+-2.0'
--   No package 'gtk+-2.0' found
-- Checking for module 'gtkglext-win32-1.0'
--   No package 'gtkglext-win32-1.0' found
-- Could NOT find Fontconfig (missing: FONTCONFIG_LIBRARY FONTCONFIG_INCLUDE_DIR) 
-- osgText will not be linked with FontConfig library
CMake Warning (dev) at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.26/Modules/Documentation.cmake:30 (message):
  Policy CMP0106 is not set: The Documentation module is removed.  Run "cmake
  --help-policy CMP0106" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy command to
  set the policy and suppress this warning.

  Documentation.cmake is VTK-specific code and should not be used in non-VTK
  projects.  This logic in this module is best shipped with the project using
  it rather than with CMake.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:1162 (INCLUDE)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

-- The following OPTIONAL packages have been found:

 * OpenGL
 * Freetype
 * FBX
 * GDAL
 * CURL
 * GIFLIB
 * JPEG
 * ZLIB
 * PNG
 * TIFF
 * Threads

-- The following OPTIONAL packages have not been found:

 * EGL
 * ilmbase
 * Inventor
 * Jasper
 * OpenEXR
 * OpenCascade
 * LibXml2
 * COLLADA
 * GTA
 * LibVNCServer
 * DCMTK
 * FFmpeg
 * GStreamer
 * GLIB
 * DirectShow
 * SDL2
 * SDL
 * Poppler-glib
 * RSVG
 * RSVG
 * GtkGl
 * DirectInput
 * GtkGl
 * DirectInput
 * NVTT
 * NVTT
 * ZeroConf
 * LIBLAS
 * ZeroConf
 * LIBLAS
 * QuickTime
 * LIBLAS
 * QuickTime
 * QuickTime
 * Fontconfig

-- Configuring done (3.5s)
-- Generating done (15.6s)
-- Build files have been written to: C:/Github/BuildCppDependency/Windows/OpenSceneGraph-OpenSceneGraph-3.6.5/build

看起来十分的冗杂，可是其实没什么内容，只要是在说有的依靠库找不到，有的依靠库找到了。最终还把找到的依靠库和没找到的依靠库都列出来了。关于这一点，咱们只需求要点关怀咱们需求的依靠库是否辨认成功了即可，认为有的大型库的依靠项十分多，不太可能一次性就把完好的依靠项准备好。

除此之外，还能够看看程序库供给的自定义构建选项，暂时用不到的暂时设为OFF不进行构建了，例如一些测验程序或许事例程序。CMake供给的功用十分强壮，有的功用还会长途拉取代码，这个时分往往会由于国内网速的原因导致终端构建装备。不过，供给这种功用的模块往往对错有必要的构建选项，能够找一找将其取消掉，在从头进行构建。

总归，多看看的构建装备的输出信息和选项，游刃有余，有了经历今后就能又快又好地构建依靠库了。

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标签: C++CMake构建OpenSceneGraphC++ / CMake
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